How to pronounce The /z/ as in ZOO /z/ in American English

One of the most common consonants in American English. Hear it in zoo, zero, zone, zip.

IPA /z/ Respell z Category Consonant
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The /z/ consonant, the buzzing sound in zoo, buzz, and zero, is made by pushing air over the tip of your tongue while vibrating your vocal cords. It uses the exact same mouth position as the /s/ sound, but the throat vibration is what changes the sound entirely. Watch out for how often /z/ hides behind the letter S: a lot of common words spelled with an S, like is, was, dogs, and music, are actually pronounced with a buzzing /z/.

How to make it

Three small adjustments.

Get them right and the sound takes care of itself.

Same position as S, but add vocal cord vibration. Feel the buzz.

Mouth position for /z/ in zoo

Mouth shape

/z/ as in zoo

Tongue

Tip hovers near the alveolar ridge, creating a narrow groove.

Lips

Slightly spread.

Quick tips

Two things to remember.

Feel the vibration in your throat. That's the voicing that distinguishes Z from S.

Many words spelled with 's' are actually pronounced with Z: 'is', 'was', 'his', 'dogs'.

Where this sound transforms

Connected-speech rules involving /z/.

Each rule has its own page with examples and practice tips.

FAQ

Common questions about /z/.

What is the difference between the /s/ and /z/ sounds?
The only difference is vocal cord vibration. If you place your fingers on your throat and say a long ssss, you won't feel anything. But if you switch to a long zzzz, your throat will buzz like a bee. Your tongue, jaw, and lips stay in the exact same position for both. If you ever struggle to make a /z/, start with an /s/ and simply turn your voice on.
Why do words like "dogs" and "is" sound like they have a Z?
In American English, when you add an 's' ending for grammar, making a noun plural (dogs, shoes) or conjugating a verb (plays, runs), the S is pronounced as a /z/ if the sound right before it is voiced (unless that sound is itself a hissing sibilant like J or Z, which adds an extra syllable instead). Because vowels are voiced, words ending in a vowel sound take a /z/ suffix. Just remember this rule only applies to grammatical endings. For base words that happen to end in the letter S, the pronunciation varies: words like is, was, and his use a /z/, while bus, this, and yes keep a sharp /s/.
Why does my /z/ at the end of a word sound like an /s/?
You are likely cutting off the vibration too early, which turns a word like eyes into ice or buzz into bus. In American English, a /z/ at the end of a word also makes the vowel right before it noticeably longer. To fix this, stretch out the vowel a little more than you think you need to, and keep the final /z/ gentle. You don't need to force a heavy buzz all the way through the end of the sound. As long as the vowel before it is noticeably long, the word will be heard as a /z/, not an /s/.

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